For September, we’re spotlighting the Historic Centre of Oaxaca and Archaeological Site of Monte Albán, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in southern Mexico. With Hispanic Heritage Month beginning September 15 and Mexican Independence Day on September 16, it’s a great time to explore a place shaped by several periods of Mexican history.

The UNESCO site has two distinct parts. Monte Albán was an important pre-Hispanic city built high above the Oaxaca Valley, while the historic center of Oaxaca developed centuries later during the Spanish colonial period. Together, they show how the region has changed while preserving traditions and cultural influences that remain part of life in Oaxaca today.

Why It Matters

Monte Albán was inhabited for around 1,500 years by different peoples, including the Olmecs, Zapotecs, and Mixtecs. The Zapotec capital included temples, tombs, a ball court, terraces, canals, and large ceremonial spaces built into the mountain. Its remains provide important evidence of the civilizations that shaped the region long before Spanish colonization.

Oaxaca’s historic centee adds another chapter. Founded as a Spanish colonial city in 1529, it still follows its original grid layout and contains around 1,200 listed historic monuments. Indigenous and Spanish influences have continued to shape the city’s architecture, traditions, food, art, and everyday culture.

What to See

Monte Albán’s Great Plaza: The large ceremonial center surrounded by temples, platforms, and other ancient structures.
Los Danzantes: Carved stone figures that are among Monte Albán’s best-known archaeological features.
Oaxaca’s historic center: Walk its preserved streets and public squares to see architecture spanning several centuries.
Oaxaca Cathedral and Santo Domingo:  Two of the city’s most recognizable historic religious buildings.

If You’re Planning a Visit

Oaxaca’s historic center is easy to explore on foot, while Monte Albán sits several kilometers outside the city and requires a separate trip. Give yourself enough time for both rather than trying to squeeze them into a few hours. September falls during Oaxaca’s rainy season, so a light rain jacket and comfortable walking shoes are useful, particularly when exploring the exposed archaeological site.